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Help your students prepare for their Maths GCSE with this free symmetry worksheet of 44 questions and answers
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Symmetry is the existence of identical parts within a shape, either next to each other or around an axis. There are two main types of symmetry; line symmetry and rotational symmetry.
In line symmetry, which is sometimes called reflective symmetry, the identical parts are a reflection of each other. We identify lines that we can draw so that one side of the line is a reflection of the other. These are called lines of symmetry, or mirror lines, since each side is a mirror image of the other. Shapes often have multiple lines of symmetry and so to identify the number of lines of symmetry that a shape has, we need to rotate our mirror line around and draw lines of symmetry that we notice.
In rotational symmetry the identical parts are around an axis. The order of rotational symmetry of a shape tells us how many times a shape will fit back on top of itself exactly as it is rotated around an axis.
There are many different symmetrical shapes. Some have lines of symmetry only, some have rotational symmetry only and some have both. For regular polygons such as equilateral triangles, squares and regular hexagons, the number of lines of symmetry is equal to the order of rotational symmetry and both are equal to the number of sides of the polygon.
We can apply our knowledge of symmetry to other areas of maths such as graphs. Graphs of some functions have line or rotational symmetry.
Looking forward, students can then progress to additional geometry worksheets, for example a 3D shapes worksheet or angles in polygons worksheet.
For more teaching and learning support on Geometry our GCSE maths lessons provide step by step support for all GCSE maths concepts.
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